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1. The defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" to the charges in a criminal case.
2. A request from the losing party in a trial or case that a higher court review the decision.
3. A formal written accusation issued by a grand jury that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed a crime to justify criminal charges.
4. A crime that carries a penalty of more than one year in prison.
5. Evidence given after taking an oath in court to tell the truth; questions answered under oath concerning what a person knows about a case being heard in court.
6. To charge a person with a crime or civil violation and seek to gain a conviction or a civil judgment.
7. A member of the bar, qualified to defend or prosecute court cases, civil or criminal.
8. A jury's decision.
9. A law passed by a legislature.
10. An agency of government authorized to settle legal disputes.
11. Information in testimony or documents that are presented to persuade the judge or jury in a case to decide for one side or the other.
12. In civil cases, a written statement of the reasons why someone is being sued.

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